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Three-Thread Fleece Fabric Manufacturers in Turkey

Three-thread fleece fabric manufacturers and suppliers in Turkey for winter sweatshirts, hoodies and joggers. Ask about GSM after finishing, the pilling test and fabric lead time before you request quotes.

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Key facts

  • According to CottonWorks, three-thread fleece has a face yarn, a binding yarn and a brushed backing yarn; it is the most stable and fullest of the fleeces and is used in cold-weather garments.
  • Supplier pages give winter three-thread ranges such as 250–350, 280–420 and 310–380 g/m² that differ from each other; there is no standard classification.
  • A polyester-cotton three-thread fleece with a target weight of 300 g/m² measured 264–274 g/m² raw and 337–342 g/m² after the compactor (Hossain et al., 2021).
  • Pilling is a common surface defect in polyester-cotton (CVC and PC) fleece (Hossain et al., 2021); test with EN ISO 12945-1 (pilling box) or EN ISO 12945-2 (modified Martindale).
  • One supplier page positions three-thread as a fall and winter fabric; this is the claim of a single page, not a standard.

Guide to Three-Thread Fleece

Elif Karaca Fabrics and Fibers Editor
Last updated:
Fact-checked by:
Gizem Polat

Three-thread (üç iplik in Turkish) is a full fleece fabric used in winter sweatshirts, hoodies and joggers. According to CottonWorks, it consists of a face yarn, a binding yarn and a backing yarn that is brushed; because it uses three ends instead of two, it is the most stable and fullest of the fleeces and is used in cold-weather garments that need extra warmth. Three issues stand out for a buyer: season planning, pilling, and the way finishing changes GSM. The structure is explained in the three-thread fleece glossary entry. This page lists fabric suppliers; if you are looking for finished sweatshirts, see the sweatshirt and hoodie category.

Plan a three-thread order backwards from the season

In a winter collection, fabric lead time, cutting, sewing and shipping add up one after the other, so build the plan backwards from the date the product goes on sale. One supplier page also positions three-thread as a fall and winter fabric. In the order, get in writing whether the fabric comes from stock or from production, whether the color is approved, and the delivery date. For a lighter alternative, look at French terry suppliers.

Test pilling and GSM after finishing

Two risks stand out in three-thread. The first is the formation of pills on the surface; Hossain et al. (2021) describe pilling as a common surface defect in polyester-cotton (CVC and PC) fleece. The second is that finishing changes GSM: in the same study, a polyester-cotton three-thread fleece with a target weight of 300 g/m² (about 8.8 oz/yd²) measured 264–274 g/m² raw (about 7.8 to 8.1 oz/yd²) and 337–342 g/m² (about 9.9 to 10.1 oz/yd²) after the compactor, a finishing machine. A quote that says “300 g/m²” without saying which stage it means is therefore ambiguous.

Practical checks for a three-thread fleece order

  • Reverse and composition: Brushed or unbrushed; the cotton share and the polyester share.
  • Shrinkage: Length and width change after washing. On joggers in particular, it affects the leg length.
  • Color card: Finalize your winter color card early. Because the minimum order per color (MOQ) can differ widely from company to company, get separate confirmation for each color. Examples of company claims are on the knitted fabric page.
  • Location: TOBB has no separate product code for three-thread fleece; for knitted fabrics overall (code 13.91), 698 of the 1,294 firms with a valid capacity report are in Istanbul, 139 in Bursa and 108 in Tekirdağ (October 2026). This is the overall distribution of knitted fabric manufacturers; verify a three-thread producer with the province filter and the quote.

GSM, brushing and quantity per color set three-thread fleece price

As GSM rises, more yarn goes into each square meter. Add finishing such as brushing and compacting, the polyester-cotton ratio and the order quantity per color. At a price per kilogram, a meter of heavy fabric costs more; a worked example is in the fabric weight (GSM) guide by garment type.

Sources (9)

  1. CottonWorks (Cotton Incorporated), Learning Hub: Single & Double Knits (accessed October 11, 2026)
  2. Hossain et al. (2021). An approach to improve the pilling resistance properties of three thread polyester cotton blended fleece fabric. Heliyon, 7(4), e06921
  3. EN ISO 12945-1:2020 Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface pilling, fuzzing or matting - Part 1: Pilling box method (EVS record)
  4. EN ISO 12945-2:2020 Textiles - Determination of fabric propensity to surface pilling, fuzzing or matting - Part 2: Modified Martindale method (EVS record)
  5. Fersan Tekstil, Gramaj Haritası: 60–500 g/m² kumaş rehberi (fabric weight map; knitted-fabric manufacturer; in Turkish; updated October 3, 2026; accessed October 11, 2026)
  6. KARCEM, Knitted fabrics: types, GSM table and production (knitted-fabric manufacturer technical page; in Turkish; updated September 26, 2026; accessed October 11, 2026)
  7. Altunkaya Tekstil, Kumaş Gramajı (GSM) Nedir? Nasıl Seçilir? (What is fabric weight (GSM) and how to choose it; wholesale fabric supplier blog; in Turkish; June 30, 2026, updated September 20, 2026; accessed October 8, 2026)
  8. Altunkaya Tekstil, 2 İplik ve 3 İplik Farkı Nedir? (What is the difference between two-thread and three-thread?; wholesale fabric supplier blog; in Turkish; July 20, 2024; accessed October 11, 2026)
  9. TOBB Industry Database, capacity reports by province, product code 13.91 (accessed October 11, 2026)

Frequently asked questions

How heavy is three-thread fleece?

For winter sweatshirt and jogger fabric, supplier pages give ranges that differ from each other, such as 250–350 g/m² (about 7.4 to 10.3 oz/yd²), 280–420 (about 8.3 to 12.4) and 310–380 (about 9.1 to 11.2); there is no standard classification. The same fabric weighs differently raw and after finishing, so state in the quote whether the GSM is raw or after finishing, and its tolerance.

What is the difference between brushed and unbrushed three-thread fabric for a buyer?

The reverse is different, so the handle and the intended use are different too. One supplier page lists brushed three-thread, unbrushed diagonal three-thread and a pilling-resistant fabric with a polar-fleece-type structure as separate products in the same 310–320 g/m² band. When the sample arrives, turn the fabric over and confirm the reverse.

How is pilling checked on three-thread fabric?

By laboratory test. A study on polyester-cotton three-thread fleece (Hossain et al., 2021) measured pilling with the pilling box method (ISO 12945-1); the other standard method is modified Martindale (EN ISO 12945-2). Write the method and the pass grade into the contract, and have a supplier's “non-pilling” claim verified with a test report.

How should I plan the lead time for three-thread fabric?

Backwards from the season. In a winter collection, fabric lead time, cutting, sewing and shipping add up one after the other, so build the plan from the date the product goes on sale. Get in writing whether the fabric comes from stock or from production, whether the color is approved and the delivery date. One supplier page positions three-thread as a fall and winter fabric; this is the claim of a single page, not a standard.

What sets the price and the minimum order of three-thread fabric?

As GSM rises, more yarn goes into each square meter; finishing such as brushing and compacting, the polyester-cotton ratio and the order quantity per color add to it. Because the minimum can differ widely from company to company, get separate confirmation for each color. At a price per kilogram, a meter of heavy fabric costs more, so convert quotes to cost per meter before comparing.