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Yarn and Spinning Editor
Murat Yıldız is Tekstil Rehberi's yarn and spinning editor. He covers yarn types, yarn count systems (Ne, Nm, Tex, denier), spinning technologies and the yarn market, and checks count conversions and yarn quality values against standards and manufacturer data.
Combed and carded yarn differ in fiber preparation; ring and open-end yarn differ in how they are spun. Property tables, product examples with sources and how to write yarn into a quote.
Conversion formulas and a table for Ne, Nm, tex and denier, how to calculate yarn count from a measurement, how to read plied counts such as 30/2, and the count mistakes that most often cause trouble in supplier orders.
Carded cotton yarn is spun from cotton that has been opened, cleaned and passed through the carding machine but not combed. Carded is a fiber-preparation term, not a spinning system: carded yarn can be spun on the ring or open-end system. In Turkish it is called karde iplik.
Combed cotton yarn (Turkish: penye) is spun from cotton that has been combed before spinning; combing removes short fibers and neps, giving a more even, softer and less hairy yarn. In everyday Turkish, penye is also used as the name of a fabric.
Denier (den) is the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of fiber or yarn, used mostly to describe the fineness of man-made fibers and yarns. It is a direct (weight-based) unit: the higher the denier, the thicker the yarn.
Ne (English cotton count) is a yarn numbering system that states how many 840-yard hanks weigh 1 pound; it is used for cotton and cotton-blend yarns. The higher the Ne, the finer the yarn: Ne 40 is finer than Ne 20.
Open-end (rotor-spun) yarn is made by separating a sliver into individual fibers, collecting them in the groove of a fast-spinning rotor and twisting them there. Compared with ring yarn it is more even and cheaper, but harder in handle, weaker and suited to coarser counts.
Companies in Turkey that make and sell acrylic and acrylic-blend yarn. Find suppliers of normal and high-bulk acrylic yarn for knitwear and knitting production.
Companies in Turkey that make and sell cotton-polyester, viscose-polyester, wool-acrylic and spandex-blend yarn. Find suppliers of melange and plied blended yarn.
Companies in Turkey that spin cotton yarn by ring, open-end, compact and vortex systems. Find suppliers of carded and combed, raw, dyed and organic cotton yarn.
Companies in Turkey that make and sell polyester filament yarn (POY, DTY, FDY) and staple-fiber polyester yarn. Find suppliers of raw, dyed, spin-dyed and recycled polyester yarn.
Companies in Turkey that make and sell bare spandex (elastane) filament, covered spandex and core-spun yarn. Find suppliers for stretch knitted and woven fabric and ask for a technical data sheet.
Companies in Turkey that make and sell viscose, modal, lyocell (Tencel) and bamboo yarn for draping apparel and home textiles. Find ring and open-end, raw and dyed yarn suppliers and ask where the fiber comes from.
Companies in Turkey that make and sell wool and wool-blend yarn. Find suppliers of worsted and woolen yarn, machine-washable (superwash) and dyed wool yarn, and ask for samples.
Spinning mills and yarn suppliers in Turkey for knitting and weaving. Go to a sub-branch by fiber type, from cotton to spandex, and see what to ask before requesting a quote and what drives the price.
